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A simple, modern translation and explanation of the Bhagavad Gita with shloka (verse) meaning

~ Gita Journey is a straightforward, modern, contemporary, basic explanation and commentary of the Bhagawat Gita, with Sanskrit to English word meanings. Each shloka (verse) is explained in detail. An introduction to the Bhagavad Gita along with study resources can also be found here. A summary of each chapter of the Bhagavad Gita is also included. It does not matter whether you are a student, a retiree, a professional, a mom, a dad or a housewife – no prior knowledge is needed.

A simple, modern translation and explanation of the Bhagavad Gita with shloka (verse) meaning

Category Archives: varna

Bhagavad Gita Verse 5, Chapter 11

19 Friday Oct 2012

Posted by skr_2011 in 11.5, akriteeni, cha, chapter 11 verse 5, divyaani, me, naana, naanavidhaani, paartha, pashya, roopaani, sahastrashaha, shatashotha, varna

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Shree Bhagavaan uvaacha:
pashya me paartha roopaani shatashotha sahastrashaha |
naanaavidhaani divyaani naanaavarnaakriteeni cha || 5 ||

 
Shree Bhagavaan said:
Behold, O Paartha, my hundreds and thousands of divine forms, of myriad kinds, and of various colours and shapes.

 
pashya : behold
me : my
paartha : O Paartha
roopaani : forms
shatashotha : hundreds
sahastrashaha : thousands
naanavidhaani : myriad kinds
divyaani : divine
naana : various
varna : colours
akriteeni : shapes
cha : and
 
In response to Arjuna’s request, Shri Krishna immediately agreed to show Ishvara’s divine form. This entire chapter, written in a poetic style, elaborately describes this form and Arjuna’s reaction to it. It is said that the chanting of this chapter is one of the highest forms of meditation possible.
 
To get things started, Shri Krishna “turned on” the “screen” upon which this divine form could be shown to Arjuna. He began by revealing the amount of diversity in the sheer number of colours, shapes and forms that he was about to show to Arjuna. The literal words used are “hundreds” and “thousands”, but in essence they mean infinite and innumerable.
 
While demonstrating the features of the latest LCD TV, the salesman will try his best to show as many channels he possibly can so that the customer is convinced about the capabilities of the TV such as number of pixels, colours and so on. Or if its a sari shop, the salesperson will try to show innumerable varieties of the very same red colour so that the customer is confident about the range and variety in that shop’s inventory.
 
Shri Krishna, however, was not concerned only with lining up the diversity of forms that he was ready to show. He also wanted to highlight that there was one thing common among that infinite diversity – Ishvara himself. He indicated this by saying “pashya me roopani” – behold my forms, not behold all these forms.

Bhagavad Gita Verse 41, Chapter 1

18 Sunday Sep 2011

Posted by skr_2011 in abhibhavaat, adharma, chapter 1 verse 41, dushtasu, kula, pradushyanti, samkara, striyaha, vaarshaneya, varna

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adharmaabhibhavaatkrishna pradushyanti kulastriyaha |
streeshu dushtaasu vaarshaneya jaayate varnasamkaraha || 41 ||
 
When lawlessness dominates, it deteriorates the condition of women in society, O Krishna. Deterioration of women, O Vaarshneya, gives rise to contamination of character.
 
adharma-abhibhavaat : when lawlessness dominates
krishna : O Krishna
pradyushanti : deterioration
kula-striyaha : women in society
streeshu : women
dushtasu : deteriorated
vaarshaneya : O Vaarshaneya
jaayate : arises
varna-samkara : contamination of character
 
Arjuna’s rambling apocalyptic post-war imagination continues. He echoes a fear that most warriors have in the back of the mind when they go to war. Invading armies seldom show respect and dignity to the women of the defeated kingdom, they are usually treated as the spoils of the war. History has proven this out, and unfortunately it is still the case wherever there is the aftermath of war.
 
In any society, due to the law of averages, there always will be a part of the population with questionable morals and character. However, in a post-war situation where women are treated without dignity, and have to succumb to their invaders, there is no guarantee that they will be able to raise their children with the right values, education and morals. This results in a breakdown in character in the younger generation across the board. Arjuna downward-spiraling mind feared this scenario.
 
Footnotes
1. The Sanskrit word “varna” has several meanings. One traditional meaning of the word “varna” is caste, and if this meaning is taken, the second verse means “this gives rise to contamination of castes”. However, since we cannot even begin to imagine what the caste system looked like in the age when the Gita was written, I have used a more abstract meaning of the word “varna”.

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